Pushing a button on a remote control sets in motion a series of events that causes the controlled device to carry out a command. The process works something like this:
1.You push the "volume up" button on your remote control, causing it to touch the contact beneath it and complete the "volume up" circuit on the circuit board. The integrated circuit detects this.
2.The integrated circuit sends the binary "volume up" command to the LED at the front of the remote.
3.The LED sends out a series of light pulses that corresponds to the binary "volume up" command.
One example of remote-control codes is the Sony Control-S protocol, which is used for Sony TVs and includes the following 7-bit binary commands:
The remote signal includes more than the command for "volume up," though. It carries several chunks of information to the receiving device, including:
·a "start" command
·the command code for "volume up"
·the device address (so the TV knows the data is intended for it)
·a "stop" command (triggered when you release the "volume up" button)
So when you press the "volume up" button on a Sony TV remote, it sends out a series of pulses that looks something like this:
Sony TV remotes use a space-coding method in which the length of the spaces between pulses of light represent a one or a zero.
When the infrared receiver on the TV picks up the signal from the remote and verifies from the address code that it's supposed to carry out this command, it converts the light pulses back into the electrical signal for 001 0010. It then passes this signal to the microprocessor, which goes about increasing the volume. The "stop" command tells the microprocessor it can stop increasing the volume.
Infrared remote controls work well enough to have stuck around for 25 years, but they do have some limitations related to the nature of infrared light. First, infrared remotes have a range of only about 30 feet (10 meters), and they require line-of-sight. This means the infrared signal won't transmit through walls or around corners -- you need a straight line to the device you're trying to control. Also, infrared light is so ubiquitous that interference can be a problem with IR remotes. Just a few everyday infrared-light sources include sunlight, fluorescent bulbs and the human body. To avoid interference caused by other sources of infrared light, the infrared receiver on a TV only responds to a particular wavelength of infrared light, usually 980 nanometers. There are filters on the receiver that block out light at other wavelengths. Still, sunlight can confuse the receiver because it contains infrared light at the 980-nm wavelength. To address this issue, the light from an IR remote control is typically modulated to a frequency not present in sunlight, and the receiver only responds to 980-nm light modulated to that frequency. The system doesn't work perfectly, but it does cut down a great deal on interference.
While infrared remotes are the dominant technology in home-theater applications, there are other niche-specific remotes that work on radio waves instead of light waves. If you have a garage-door opener, for instance, you have an RF remote.
An engine-powered generator is an easy way to supply your house with emergency power. They are relatively inexpensive (typical price for a 5,000-watt generator ranges between $600 and $1,200), produce clean, 120- or 240-volt sine-wave power, and consume only about a gallon of gas every two hours or so (at 1,000-watt output). You can also purchase generators that run off of diesel fuel or propane. A 5,000-watt gasoline-powered generatorThis generator has a 10-horsepower engine and a 5,000-watt generator with a surge rating of 6,500 watts. The gas tank (black, mounted across the top of the frame) holds 7 gallons and runs about 12 hours at 1,000-watt usage levels. This generator produces 120-volt or 240-volt output. It is shown with its grounding cable and the 240-volt cable that plugs it into the house's circuit panel. The disadvantages of engine-powered generators include: · Fuel storage · Noise (especially the less-expensive models) · Engine maintenance Fuel storage can be a nuisance -- gasoline cannot be stored for more than a month or so unless you use a fuel stabilizing chemical, and even then the shelf-life is relatively short. You need to rotate your inventory on a regular basis to avoid problems. Here at the Brain household we have a 5,000-watt generator. We are able to run just about everything in the house -- including the well pump, water heater and refrigerator -- with the generator. The only thing we cannot run is the heat pump, so we have gas logs as a backup heat source. We do stagger our usage, but that is not a big problem for us. For example, we will run the refrigerator for an hour and then turn it off to run the well pump. An inverter is an electrical device that converts 12-volt power into 120-volt power. Typically you run an inverter off of your car's battery or off of a deep-cycle battery that you buy specifically to power the inverter. An inverter is a very easy and inexpensive solution if you can keep your power demands in the 200-watt range. If you are willing to build a more elaborate system, inverters can be a good option up to about 2,500 watts, although they tend to get expensive at that point (a 2,500-watt inverter might cost $600 to $1,000, and then you need to buy a number of deep-cycle batteries and a charging system). Inverters have two main advantages: · They are silent · They are maintenance-free (when you operate them from your car's battery -- if you build your own deep-cycle battery bank you will have to maintain the batteries). Here are some things to think about when considering an inverter: · You can buy a small 150- or 300-watt quasi-sine-wave inverter for about $50 and plug it into your car's lighter socket. It can operate several light bulbs, a radio, a small TV, etc. · A car's battery has a reserve capacity rating. A typical rating is 80 minutes, which means the battery can supply 25 amps at 12 volts for 80 minutes. If you consume 120 watts continuously, that means that you are draining about 10 amps from your car's battery continuously. A typical car battery can supply power at that level for perhaps three hours. A deep-cycle battery can supply power at that level for six or eight hours. Then you will need to recharge the battery (which takes awhile). However, if you are running two compact fluorescent bulbs at 15 watts each, total consumption is only 30 watts, or 2.5 amps at 12 volts. A car battery can supply power for about 12 hours at that level. A deep-cycle battery can supply power for a day or two at that level. · A typical car's alternator can supply only about 700 watts maximum. To run an inverter with a capacity greater than 300 watts from a car, you need to connect it directly to the car's battery with cables, and you will need to run the car's engine continuously. At that point, it would be much more efficient to buy a gasoline generator. From this discussion you can see that an inverter only makes sense for very small power loads over relatively short time frames. You can build a large and elaborate battery system to run your inverter if you choose, but that can get expensive. (Note that a large battery bank connected to an inverter is an important part of most home-scale solar power systems. Solar panels are used to recharge the batteries in that case. See How Solar Cells Work for details.) Here at the Brain household we have a 140-watt inverter. We run the generator during the day. At night we use the inverter hooked to the car to power one or two compact fluorescent bulbs that provide light in the house. PREVIOUS
Sumo Car Wrestling pits your robotic creation against another robot in a field of combat where brute strength and cat-like reflexes combine to create the ultimate battle! Your challenge is to design and create a robot whose sole purpose is to push, throw, flip, drag, or otherwise move your opponent over the edge of a 6 foot square table within 3 minutes time. The cars are operated by a "video game-like controller" connected to 2 or more 9 volt electric motors. Your design cannot have sharp metal points or other dangerous parts.
THE COMPETITIONThe robots are placed behind the "Shikiri" lines. When both contestants are ready, the referee will signal the start of the 3 minute match at which time the robots may begin moving. The robots will "wrestle" until one unit is disabled or removed from the ring/table. RULES Each round will consist of three matches- lasting up to 3 minutes in duration. The winner will be the sumo car which wins two out of the three matches. In the case of a draw, the referee will decide the winner based on match performance. A team can call 1 timeout per round. A timeout can only be called when both cars are stopped and not moving. A timeout lasts no longer than 2 minutes. Cars may be repaired between matches, up to 2 minutes time will be allowed. A disabled car loses the match. A car loses the match when any part of it is pushed out of the ring. A referee timeout can be called at any time. Specifications Your car can be any size or shape. Your car can have as many wheels as you wish. The car must be driven by 2 of "my" motors. You may use up to 3- 9volt DC electric motors. You may use the power from the motors in any way to make your wheels turn (gears, pulleys, direct-drive) The sharpest "pointy thing" that can be added to your car is a golf tee. Screws, nails, razor blades, knives, flames, paint-balls and/or other items that are deemed dangerous are not allowed to stick out of your car. Golf ball throwing catapults are allowed. Your car can be made of any available material, but must be powered by the motors given to you.
Worklist Pick Teams, Brainstorm a team name. Read Design Brief- Sumo Car Wrestling Create a folder in My Documents, 7_sumo_yourteamname Sketch a "working drawing" of your design. Include a top view, a sideview, and a list of materials needed. Show measurement. Go over your working Drawing with Mr. G. Make changes and go back to the drawing board. Re-do the working drawing. Pass it in for grading. Start acquiring materials. Cut your basic chassis from available wood. Pick out some Pulley Wheels. Label your parts with your team name and class. Read and understand the Sumo Wheel Problem Research Project. Assign team members to solve the problem sections. Be aware that this is worth 2 quiz grades, and due before March 3. Attach your wheels and motors. Block your motors, or they will fall off when they heat up in battle.Solder appropriate wires to the terminal bar. Test drive with a battery. Test Drive your vehicle, modify if necessary. Select the best driver and assistant. Build your SUMO Web Page This must be worked on every day to stay current with the Design Process Step you are working on. Produce an 8 1/2 x 11 "Brag Sheet" on your Sumo Wrestling Car. Insert a digital picture of your design and a team picture, with a page border, Explain the following: drive system, good points, bad points, give the car a name, add your website's URL. Use Microsoft Word, 1 page. Be creative, colorful and neat. Poster is needed to compete. Pass in by March 29/30. Compete in Sumo Car Wrestling Challenge. Web needs to be complete.
5 3 1 Sumo Wheel Problem Research Project (x2) neatly typed, good content hand-written, lacks some content, missing 1 item not neat, poorly done, missing more than 1 item Working drawing w/ materials list done, complete and neat neat, missing 1 item not done Sumo Poster (Brag Sheet) good content, neat, typed information, border contains all, but missing 1 item sloppy, missing 2 items Sumo Car Prototype (x3) built and tested built, not tested not completed Cooperation (x2) helps the team in all ways helps out and works 70% of time works less than 70 % of time Sumo Web Site (x3) published, neat, <3 non sumo graphics published, sloppy, >2 non sumo graphics not published A 51-60 B 41-50 C 31-40 D 21-30 F 1-20
one should click create newblog option which will be on the top of this blog..............after entering into that the rest of the things are self explanatory.
after successfully creating your blog.........you need to post some posts in that in order to accomplish the objective.this can be done every time by just logging into http://www.blogger.com/.........
and signing up with ur id and password which you were assigned while creating your blogthen by clicking on view blog option or new post option you can easily post the required posts which you want to post......prerequisite for ads:post interesting posts so that to impress Googleminimum of 5 posts on different topics is required.after posting relevant data your can apply for google ads by ....................
..............and apply for adsafter two days or so,you will receive mail from Google to ur Google account(by which you've created your blog)saying that 1:either you have been approved by Google to publish ads on your blog or2.saying sorry that it cant give ads to publish ads in your blog.(the remedy is that to post some more posts and asking Google to allow him to publish ads by following the steps provide d prior to this discussion)if you are successful in impressing Google then you will receive the following message::Congratulations!Your Google AdSense application has been approved. You can now activateyour account and get started with AdSense in minutes.To quickly set up your account, follow the steps below. Or, for adetailed video walk through, view our Getting Started
STEP 2: Generate and implement the AdSense code.Click on the 'AdSense Setup' tab, then follow the guided steps tocustomize your code. When you've reached the final step, copy the codefrom the 'Your AdSense code' box and paste it into the HTML source ofyour site. If you don't have access to edit the HTML source of yourpages, contact your webmaster or hosting company.Not sure how to add the code to the HTML source of your page? Our Helpwith Ad Code video tutorial can guide you through the process - findthe tutorial at http://www.google.com/adsensewelcome_implementingadcode.Once the code is implemented on your site, Google ads and AdSense forsearch will typically begin running within minutes. However, if Googlehas not yet crawled your site, you may not notice relevant ads for upto 48 hours.
Step 3: See the results.After your ads start running, you can see your earnings at anytime bychecking the online reports on the Reports tab in your account. For aquick overview of your earnings reports and the 5 steps to gettingpaid, view our Payments Guide: https://www.google.com/adsense/payments.Have more questions? Find answers in the following resources:- The AdSense Help Center, containing demos, guides, and answers tocommon questions: https://www.google.com/support/adsense?hl=en_US.- The AdSense Help Forum, an online community of publishers:http://groups.google.com/group/adsense-help?hl=en_US .- The AdSense Blog, with all the latest news and tips about AdSense:http://www.adsense.blogspot.com?hl=en_US .If you can't find the information you're looking for, you're welcome tocontact us at https://www.google.com/adsense/support/bin/request.py .I
MPORTANT NOTES:* Want to test your ads? Please don't click on them - clicking on yourown ads is against the AdSense program policies(https://www.google.com/adsense/policies). Instead, try the AdSensepreview tool, which allows you to check the destination of ads on yourpage without the risk of invalid clicks. For additional information, orto download the AdSense preview tool, please visithttps://www.google.com/support/adsense/bin/topic.py?topic=160.* You can add the code to a new page or site at any time. Please keepin mind, however, that we monitor all of the web pages that contain theAdSense code. If we find that a publisher's web pages violate ourpolicies, we'll take appropriate actions, which may include thedisabling of the account. For more information, please review theGoogle AdSense Terms and Conditions (http://www.google.com/adsguide/tnc).Welcome to Google AdSense. We look forward to helping you unleash thefull potential of your website.Sincerely,The Google AdSense Team
Core 2 Duo vs. Dual Core(difference between core 2 duo and dual core)....njoy!!! Core 2 Duo is a brand name by Intel - Dual-Core is a generic description meaning two separate physical cores in one chip package.Dual core is simply a generic term referring to any processor package with two physical CPUs in one. The Pentium D, Core Duo, Core 2 Duo and Athlon X2 are all current CPUs that have dual cores in one package.The Pentium D is simply two Pentium 4 Prescott cpus inefficiently paired together and ran as dual core.The Core Duo is Intel's first generation dual core processor based upon the Pentium M (a Pentium III-4 hybrid) made mostly for laptops (though a few motherboard manufacturers have released desktop boards supporting the Core Duo CPU), and is much more efficiently than Pentium D.The Core 2 Duo is Intel's second generation (hence, Core 2) processor made for desktops and laptops designed from the ground up to be fast while not consuming nearly as much power as previous CPUs.Note - Intel has dropped the Pentium name in favor of the Core architecture as Intel is restructuring and refocusing it's efforts to become number one again (and are doing a fine job, might I add).The AMD Athlon X2 CPUs have two revisions, the first one is essentially very similiar to the Pentium Ds in that they are simply two Athlon 64 chips fused together, making power requirements quite steep (around 89 watts). The second revision is made more efficiently, like the Core Duos, with much less power consumption (around 65 watts).There are, of course, other differences, but that is the gist of dual cores as it relates to Intel and AMD
.____________ Note that there are different Core 2 Duos, too. There is an extreme one, too, but that just may mean it's hyperthreadable and not too much of an advantage (or possibly a disadvantage) in Seticrunching.Actually, the Core 2 Extremes do not have HT and it's unsure whether Intel will keep using this or not.The only difference between a Core 2 Duo and a Core 2 Extreme is that the Core 2 Duo's have a locked multiplier and the Core 2 Extreme's have a range of multipliers, which seems to be the first time Intel is encouraging overclocking since the original Pentium Classic days.The new Conroe/Core duo ect have got me a bit confused. Can someone tell me which would be faster. Comparing to almost identically priced chips.both about £110;Pentium D 945 -- (3.4Ghz FSB;800 2Mb)Core Duo E6300 -- (1.86Ghz FSB;1066 2Mb)How do these compare to each other?What speed chip (Core Duo) would you need to get to get similar or better performance (not just for seti ect) than standard Pentium D's at about 3-3.4Ghz? I know you can get faster and cheaper D's but then their too slow or too expensive really.According to user reports, a Core 2 Duo E6600 (2.66GHz, 1066MHz FSB) is much faster than a Pentium D running at about 3.4GHz due to it's ability to process more Instructions Per Second (IPC) and it's shorter pipeline (doesn't take as many stages to decode the same instruction) and it's more efficient L2 cache. Not to mention it consumes LOTS less power than a Pentium D at a higher clock speed.Comparitively, the E6300 should be about as fast as a Pentium D 3GHz (roughly).Basically, if you're looking to build a new system and have decent budget, go for the Core 2 Duo (Conroe). You'll be happy that you did.
Thursday, September 6, 2007
hey,do u have problems in basics of electronics?????? fix them immediately......follow the following stuff..........this is sterner stuff!!!!!!
Basic Electronics Full title: Science Ebooks Basic Electronics
Online Ebook with simulations and troubleshooting. a science-ebooks.com publication
Cover Sheet Below: One of many animations used throughout book..
Electricity is a physical phenomena involving positive and negative charge. When these charges are in motion they may produce heat, light and magnetism. When charges are not in motion, static electricity can manifests itself as a force such as clothes clinging to each other when they are removed from a dryer.
A simple stationary system of a single positive ion and a single negative ion (or electron) separated by large distance with respect to their size ( a meter for example) will have a E field associated with them. Along the axis connecting the two ions the E vector points directly from the positive ion towards the negative ion. At this theoretical point in time there is no H field. The E field will cause the charge particles to move towards each other. This relative motion of positive and negative charge is the simplest example of current. Associated with this tiny current a magnetic or H field will exist. The motion of the positive charge will be in the direction of the E field and the negative charge will move in the opposite direction of the E field. Current by definition flows in the direction of the E field. It follows that positive charge moves in the direction of current and negative charge moves opposite to the current.
Practical Application of above: When I studied electronics in the military, I learned the electron flow version of electronics. When I studied Physics in college, we used conventional current flow. This made remembering things like the left hand rule and right rules for curl etc. very confusing. Thus, I recommend not buying an electron flow version of a text and sticking with conventional current flow.
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Open MP3 Lecture in New Window, then minimize New Window and continue to listen and view animation.
The current produced in a circuit by a DC voltage is directly proportional to the DC voltage. The constant of proportionality is resistance, R which is a property of matter and resistor demensions.
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Also select 22, and23 of Video ( AVI. ) Matrix. The Matrix is part of the Science Ebook Library. Using 22 as baseline determine fault in 23.
Summary
In a series circuit the current is the same in each resistor or component in the circuit. Thus Vt = IRt, V1 = IR1, Vn = IRn. Thus it follows Ohms law can be reduce to an expression without I. Since measuring current is rarely possible on a multi-layer circuit* board and voltage is usually quit simple.
Vt/Rt = V1/R1 = V2/R2 = Vn/Rn. where the t subscript = total.
An experienced technician can usually determine when the voltage drop across a resistor is not proportional. A novice can simply list the voltage drops in the order of resistance. Measure the drop across the smallest resistance first and the largest resistance last. The voltage drops listed should be in increasing order also.
* Though even DC currents can be measured using the Hall Effect, it is difficult to do so when printed circuit lands are in close proximity and magnetic fields overlap.
Parallel Circuit Troubleshooting In parallel circuits the applied voltage is the same across each parallel branch, and the current in each branch equals the applied voltage divided by the resistance of the branch.
Why does ammeter[A] read negative? Answer Below:
In above circuit the current in each branch is the same because resistors are the same. In the circuit below one resistor changed value. Observe ammeter reading and determine which resistor failed. Answer Below.
Why does Ammeter [A] read negative? Answer: Because of orientation of Ammeter. If I connected + side of Ammeter [A] to plus side 5VDC source than meter would read positive but the "A" would be upside down.
In lower animation, which resistor failed? Answer R2 resistance increased.
These animations are great for those who have an electronics book and want to test their skills, but what about viewers without an electronics book. Don't fret, download our free eBook: Electronic Concepts . Just a click away.
Chapter 5 Parallel-Series Circuits OR Select one of Simulations or Animation Below
Below we see a good Universal Ammeter being tested. External Ammeter and Current Source are part of test setup. External Ammeter always reads correct.
External Ammeter always reads correct. Note that External Ammeter does not always agree with Universal Ammeter shown below. Determine which Universal Ammeter component has failed. Is it R1, R2, R3, 2 ma switch, 10 ma switch, 100 ma switch or Meter Movement.
Answer Below
To Troubleshoot JAVA Simulation of this circuit Click Here!
Answer Below
Answer: Meter Movement
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It is possible to generate electricity by spinning a coil within a magnetic field. A sinusoidal voltage is generated as a result of this spinning coil.
Read Site Linker31 and 40. Use Menu to find AC topics.
View R2 Applet: "The relations between circular motion, simple harmonic motion and wave"
Capacitor Demonstration:
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The animation below shows the input and output of the differentiator circuit. The signal Generator provides a 1 khz square wave input to RC circuit. C is provided by a virtual capacitance decade box.
In this Chapter you will troubleshoot a sophisticated Chepyshev High-pass and a Chepyshev Low-pass filter.
Notes:
1. The band-pass plots are generated strictly on the basis of voltage measurements. It is a graph of log (V^2) not the log (V^2/R) , and It is not it based on the vector product of current and voltage. Only when the input and output impedances are equal (Rs = RL), does the graph truly represent actual output verses input power.
2. Note. Some schematics contain contain the label RL( Rload) in for both input resistance and the load resistance. The input resistance should have been labeled Rs.
New! If you like this type of training, I recommend that you get my latest free e-book Electronic Concepts .
The key element of the Virtual Electronics Teaching system is our free e-book: Electronic Concepts. This e-book teaches electronics by explaining the operation of a variety of circuits. It covers basic networks, transistors, regulated power supplies and much more. Electronic Conceptsis a hybrid e-book. Our hybrid e-books are meant to be read while viewing an Internet slideshow using our Internet Slide Show Control Matrix.Electronic Conceptscan be downloaded from theSlide Show Control Matrix page in zipped PDF format. [ Go there! ] Download and print book. Read book while watching slideshow. Book directs you to control online slideshow by clicking numbers in Control Matrix.
Amazon Product Showcase
Welcome to science-ebooks.com Virtual Electronics Teaching system. If you like this type of training, I recommend that you get my latest free e-book Electronic Concepts .
The key element of our Virtual Electronics Teaching system is our free e-book: Electronic Concepts. This e-book teaches electronics by explaining the operation of a variety of circuits. It covers basic networks, transistors, regulated power supplies and much more. Electronic Conceptsis a hybrid e-book. Our hybrid e-books are meant to be read while viewing an Internet slideshow using our Internet Slide Show Control Matrix.Electronic Conceptscan be downloaded from theSlide Show Control Matrix page in zipped PDF format. [ Go there! ] Download and print book. Read book while watching slideshow. Book directs you to control online slideshow with
Click Here! and interact with Clipping Circuit Applet.
Full Wave Rectifier. The scope shows the waveform at TP1(Red) and the output of the rectifier (Green). The animation shows the effect of varying C from 1.0 uf to 1000 uf on the ripple voltage of the rectified output.
If you would like to troubleshoot above regulated power supply circuit. Click here to go to exercises in Troubleshooting Workbook. To Troubleshoot circuit below Click here .
To observe operation of circuit below. Click Here!
Note that the AND operator "· " used in Boolean Multiplication operates in a identical manner to the multiplication operator used in arithmetic. The OR operator used in Boolean addition follows the same rules used in arithmetic addition except 1 + 1 = 1 rather than 2.
The NOT operator is often written as bar above the variable.
Electronic Logic Gates
The three Gates shown schematically below are all that is required to electronically implement the three Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) electronically. Logic gates can be made with vacuum tubes, relays, or discrete transistors, but today gates generally reside on Integrated Circuits. Logic Gates operate in a binary mode where each input and output is in either one of two states expressed as: 0/1, True/False, High/Low or On/Off.
Truth Tables for GATES
The relationship between inputs and outputs of Gates or the effect of Boolean operators can be shown with truth tables. The truth tables for the AND, OR, and NOT operators are shown below.
As in regular algebra there are mathematical rules that must be followed. The following basic laws are the same for both Boolean and ordinary algebra.
Commutative Law: A + B = B + A
Associative Law of Addition A(B + C)
Associative Law of multiplication A(BC) = (AB)C
Distributive Law A(B+C) = AB + AC
Click Here! to troubleshoot a Comparator circuit problem.
Open MP3 Lecture in New Window, then minimize New Window and continue to listen and view animations below.
Inverting Amplifier Circuit
DC input varied from -10 mV to +10 mV
Non-inverting Amplifier Circuit
DC input varied from -10 mV to +10 mV
BASIC ELECTRONICS
The navigation bar to the right is a very comprehensive list of topics in basic electronics and is listed in a suggested order.
THIS BASIC ELECTRONICS TUTORIALS SITE
Following a lot of requests from newcomers I have provided a separate page called "starting out in basic electronics". This is a good "check-list" page to start out.
If you want a reasonably good grounding don't forget to review electron theory and atoms this is the very basis of electronics.
This chapter basic electronics is the most important of all for newcomers. Without a thorough grasp of basic electronics you will never fully understand the later and much more complicated electronics tutorials. As a suggestion start by reviewing some radio terminolgy A to L and radio terminolgy M to Z, then come back. In particular I would commend everyone to read my page on earth dangers. I think it ought to be compulsory reading.
Here you should gain a full understanding of basics electronics. The basic electronics topics cover everything necessary for your continued understanding of the much more advanced topics presented later.
OHMS LAW, POWER, VOLTAGE, CURRENT AND RESISTANCE
You must have a good grasp of ohms law, an understanding of power, voltage, current and resistance. These are the first fundamental units we work with in electronics.
CAPACITANCE, INDUCTANCE, REACTANCE, IMPEDANCE AND "Q"
Capacitance, inductance as well as reactance which leads on to impedance and "Q". These are the next essential units to gain an understanding of basic electronics. Once mastered - ohms law, power, voltage, current, resistance, capacitance, inductance, impedance and "Q" you have then covered the very essentials of basic electronics.
MORE BASIC ELECTRONICS - IMPEDANCE MATCHING, TRANSFORMERS
Very popular basic electronics topics are impedance matching and the wide variety of transformers ranging from power transformers, audio transformers and wide band rf transformers. We also have a brief introduction to the topic of baluns.
TRANSISTORS, DIODES, INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND VACUUM TUBES
Obviously in this modern age transistors are the most used active device. This includes the concept that for all practical purposes integrated circuits comprise masses of transistors so arranged as to operate in a specific way. Every basic electronics tutorial should give a reasonable depth of study to these remarkable devices.
The basic electronics tutorials will then proceed to deal with diodes in their many forms, integrated circuits both linear and digital. We have included basic electronics tutorials on vacuum tubes or valves because many people believe they offer advantages transistors do not. There has also been renewed interest in vacuum tube technology in recent years if for no other reason than nostalgia.
POWER SUPPLY
We have included the section on power supplies here because it is also fundamental to basic electronics and every project needs a power supply. That tutorial leads you on to a wide range of other regulated power supply topics.
